全面讲解介词with的用法

With是个介词，基本的意思是"用"，但它也可以协助构成一个极为多采多姿的句型，在句子中起两种作用：副词与形容词。

with在下列结构中起副词作用：

1."with+宾语+现在分词或短语"，如：

（1） This article deals with common social ills， with particular attention being paid to vandalism.

2."with+宾语+过去分词或短语"，如：

（2） With different techniques used， different results can be obtained.

（3） The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.

3."with+宾语+形容词或短语"，如：

（4） With so much water vapour present in the room， some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.

（5） Every night， Helen sleeps with all the windows open.

4."with+宾语＋介词短语"，如：

（6） With the school badge on his shirt， he looks all the more serious.

（7） With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.

5."with+宾语＋副词虚词"，如：

（8） You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.

（9） How can you lock the door with your guests in？

上面五种"with"结构的副词功能，相当普遍，尤其是在科技英语中。

接着谈"with"结构的形容词功能，有下列五种：

一、"with+宾语+现在分词或短语"，如：

（10） The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace.

（11） Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ？

二、"with+宾语+过去分词或短语"

（12） Throw away the container with its cover sealed.

（13） Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds.

三、"with+宾语+形容词或短语"，如：

（14） Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.

四、"with+宾语+介词短语"，如：

（15） The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher.

（16） Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets？

五、"with+宾语+副词虚词，"如：

（17） Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ？

（18） Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.