引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语(Direct Speech)，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内;另一种是间接引语(Indirect Speech)，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。
一、直接引语变间接引语
A.陈述句的间接引语
直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。
The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告诉我：我很喜欢北京。
→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. 那老外告诉我说他(她)很喜欢北京。
She said,We are very fond of sports. 她说：我们都喜欢体育运动。
→ She said that they were very fond of sports. 她说他(她)们都喜欢体运动。
I'll go over the grammar lesson once again,he said. 他说：我将把语法课再复习一遍。
→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. 他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。(that可省略)
B.疑问句的间接引语
1.一般疑问句和反意疑问句
一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或 whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didn't know等。句末不用问号。
My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老师问我：你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗?
→ My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music. 我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。
You haven't been to Beijing, have you asked he. 他问：你没去过北，是吗?
→ He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing. 他问我是否去过北京。
2.否定的一般疑问句和选择问句
如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whetheror 连接。
She said, Don't you know my telephone number 她说：你难道不知道我的电话号码吗?
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not. 她问我是知道她的电话号码。
Do you like this one or that one Tom asked. 汤姆问：你是喜欢这个还是那个?
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one. 汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。
3.特殊疑问句
间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。
He asked, How do you like it 他问：你觉得怎样?
→ He asked me how I liked it. 他问我觉得它怎样。
She asked me, What's the matter with you 她问我：你怎么啦?
→ She asked me what was the matter with me. 她问我我怎么啦。
How many books do you have she asked. 她问：你有多少本书?
→ She asked me how many books I had. 她问我有多少本。
4.其它
英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问，而是表示请求、劝告、建议等。这种疑问句变为间接引语时，往往采用其他的形式。
①.suggest doing
Shall we all go to the film tonight said Michael. 迈克尔说：我们今晚都去看电影，好吗?
→ Michael suggested going to the film tonight. 迈克尔建议今晚都去看电影。
What about having a drink he asked. 他问：喝杯怎么样?
He suggested having a drink. 他建议喝一杯。
②.advise sb to do
Why don't you go hiking asked James. 詹姆士问：你为什么不徒步旅行?
James advised me to go hiking. 詹姆士建议我去徒步旅行。
③. offer to do
He said, Would you like me to post the letter 他说：你要我寄信吗?
He offered to ost the letter. 他主动提出寄信。
④.ask sb to do
Will you please bring your reference book here tomorrow she said to me. 她对我说：劳驾你明天把你的参考书带来好吗?
→ She asked me to take my reference book there the next day. 她让我第二天把我的参考书带去。
C.祈使句的间接引语
1.直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾来表示，其结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(动词不定式)。引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词，句中please去掉。
She said to me, Please have a rest. 她对我说：请休息一下。
→ She asked me to have a rest. 她要求我休息一下。
Don't all answer at once, she said to the pupils. 她对学生说：大家不要齐声回答。→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once. 她叫学生不要齐声回答。
2.带有let的祈使句(表示请求，建议或命令)，可用suggest + -ing形式或suggest +that从句来表示其相应的意思。
Let's go for a walk, said the girl. 那姑娘说，让我们去散散步吧。
→ The girl suggested going for a walk. 这女孩建议去散散步。
The teacher sai, Let Lily tidy the classroom. 老师说：让莉莉整理教室。
→ The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom. 老师建议让莉莉整理教室。
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